This study conducted the safety analysis of concrete used as surface material. As the resistivity of concrete is far less than gravel, this practice may lead to injury and even death, because workers and visitors walk on these pathways. However, concrete is generally used for raceway construction, whereas gravel material is used for constructing switch yards. To achieve this purpose, a high-resistivity surface material is recommended by IEEE Standard 80-2013, which defines the methodology to calculate safety parameters, including touch potential and step potential, considering the presence of a high-resistivity material such as gravel in the grid station, including raceways.
The fundamental purpose of grounding electrical power systems and substations is to ensure safety of equipment and workers.
